Definitions

Core terms used in casting and refractory documentation.

Mould Flux / Casting Powder

Powder that melts to form a slag film for lubrication and heat transfer control in continuous casting.[1]

Slag Film

Liquid and solid layers of slag between mould and shell that govern heat transfer and lubrication.[2]

Break Temperature

Temperature at which slag transitions from liquid to solid; affects heat transfer stability.[1]

Fluorine-Free Flux

Mould flux systems designed without fluorides to reduce evaporation and corrosion risks.[3]

Free Opening

Ability of a ladle nozzle to open without lancing, influenced by filler sand properties.[4]

Filler Sand

Granular material placed in the slide gate bore to prevent premature steel flow and enable free opening.[4]

Sintering

Thermally driven bonding of sand particles that can block free opening if excessive.[5]

Castable Refractory

Monolithic refractory concrete used for lining equipment, with binders and aggregates.[6]

Low Cement Castable

Castable formulation with reduced cement to improve high-temperature performance.[6]

No Cement Castable

Castable system with alternative binders for improved slag resistance and strength.[7]

Colloidal Silica Binder

Sol-gel binder system used to improve properties in cement-free castables.[8]

Geopolymer Binder

Aluminosilicate binder alternative studied for ultra-low cement castables.[9]

Reoxidation

Oxygen pickup by molten steel due to exposure to atmosphere or reactive slags; cover powders can affect this.[10]

Tundish Cover Powder

Covering flux applied on tundish steel to reduce oxidation and heat loss.[10]

References

Sources behind glossary definitions.

  1. Mills & Fox (2003), ISIJ International.
  2. Slag film formation and heat transfer review (2019), Chinese Journal of Engineering.
  3. Fluorine-free mold flux review (2018), ISIJ International.
  4. Free opening performance and filler sand properties (2016), Materials Research.
  5. Sintering behavior of silica filler sand (2014), ISIJ International.
  6. Castable refractory concretes review (2001), International Materials Reviews.
  7. Slag resistance of no cement castables (2020), Ceramics.
  8. Colloidal silica binder effects (2021), Solid State Phenomena.
  9. Geopolymer binders for castables (2024), Journal of the European Ceramic Society.
  10. Tundish cover powder and oxidation rate (1998), ISIJ International.